According to estimates by experts, on the face of the earth, every second, about 100 lightning bolt hit the ground. Lightning not only can cause injury to humans, but can also destroy people's property as construction, power projects, aviation, electrical appliances, the broadcasting stations, the communications systems ...
Lightning is a very strong electromagnetic sources, arises from the formation of bulk charge, from the storm cloud positive charge - at the top of the cloud - and negative - in the lower part of the cloud. We create an intense electric field around the cloud. In the process of accumulation of opposite charges, an electric field intensity increases continuously formed. When the voltage at somewhere in the cloud exceeds the threshold of insulating air, lightning occurs frequently, also known as the direct lightning.

The way that lightning can pass through, causing damage to property of the people on the ground, can be enumerated as:
- Lightning straight to work.
- Lightning penetrate the device antenna.
- Lightning penetrate the suspended floating line.
- Clay is inhaled into the underground cable laying.
- Lightning penetrate the cable between the devices.
- Lightning penetrate the power supply circuits for telecommunications equipment.
- Lightning penetrate the earth system and the common points.
Want lightning effectively, they must comply with comprehensive three principles:

1. Against direct lightning strikes in the works,
2. Surge Protection, via cable and power cable,
3. Grounding System has low impedance and high safety.

Can distinguish two types of lightning: direct lightning and lightning protection device.

Lightning Protection
This method used the lightning to form a skeleton covered outside protected areas. By this method, there may be two types of systems: active lightning protection system (progressive) and passive lightning protection system (classical).
Lightning protection system active: active system uses a direct lightning discharge ion flow toward the cloud, increasing the discharge capacity can occur in the cloud.



PDC INGESCO lightning rod, produced in 1984.
INGESCO rod ensure the discharge several times, durable, but inexpensive maintenance costs much.



Lightning rod Franklin Benjamin Franklin was invented in 1760. This receiver is the most common clay and probably the most famous in history.
Lightning conductor is placed in one or more of a point raised buildings.
The scope of protection is calculated in a circle with radius equal to the height of the needle insertion position above the ground.
Franklin Lightning conductor ideal for use where protection is a prominent structure would rise within the required protection.



Passive lightning protection system: The system does not provoke disruptive strike. It does not increase the discharge capacity can occur in protected areas such as active approach.

One of the lightning protection system sold the most reliably known as called Faraday Cage,

The buildings are fully covered by a network of metal pipes, and lead to a large area underground.

This type of system is applied at the factory or building a valuable piece of history ...
A lightning protection system of the other passive, called overhead line. It consists of a wire system "antenna" connected at the terminals of the need to protect and guide wire to the ground by the appropriate type,



Surge
Those who use electric devices, or telephones, or other data processing systems, are faced with problems is how to keep these devices will work when there thunder. Thunderstorms cause temporary voltage increases suddenly. To overcome it, we were recommended equipment against lightning.

Here are a few anti-lightning equipment typical

Surge Protector DS105E (CITEL): DS105E structured in three levels of thermal breaks, protection for low voltage network, especially for hazardous area caused by lightning overvoltages, or even type directly. Protection for a mixed network (2 x DS105E). Protection for 3-phase network (4 or 3 x DS105E).

DS105E withstand lightning current 140 KA, for around 8 / 20 μs and 15 KA, 10/350 μs for pulses, interrupt the inside, with the show.

Surge Protector DS40D (CITEL): DS40D structured in three levels of thermal breaks, surge protection for a network of primary and three-phase + neutral in the primary key electricity distribution cabinet. Can be used together or separately for the phase. Current release: In = 15kA Imax = 40kA. Each module plugs for each phase.

Surge Protector ICS480E (CITEL): Installation on IBM cable transmission system, particularly the cable at the entrance of a building.